Interphase: Add mushrooms to represent organelles and a ring of pepperoni to make a nuclear membrane. Strips of peppers would represent the DNA inside the nucleus. To model the end of interphase, double the number of mushrooms on the pizza to indicate the copying of the organelles. Double the number of peppers inside the nucleus to represent the replication of DNA.
Prophase: Pair strips of pepper inside the nucleus to show the formation of chromosome pairs. Strips of aluminum foil would represent spindle fibers.
Metaphase: Line up the pair of peppers along the middle of the pizza. Removing the pepperoni would show the breakdown of the nuclear membrane.
Anaphase: Split up the pairs of peppers, and show the spindle fibers, made of aluminum foil, pulling them to either side of the cell.
Telophase: Make two new nuclear membranes around the pepper strips using pepperoni. Separate the pairs of peppers to show the chromosomes unwinding.
Cytokinesis: Cut the pizza across the middle to show the cell dividing into two daughter cells.
Suppose that the proportion of the white crest alleles (r) is given by w and that of the Red crest allele (R) is given by p. We have that p+w=1. The probability that an individual has 2 r alleles is given by w*w since for each allele position the probability is w. Only these individuals have a White phenotype. Hence, we get that w^2=
; the right hand side is the proportion of white birds in the total population. Doing the calculations, this yields that w=0.37. From this, we calculate that p=0.63. The possible ways we have heterozygous individuals are the combinations Rr and rR. The probability for each of those is p*w. Thus, the total probability is 2pw. This is equal to 0.466=0.47. This is the fraction of the future population that is going to be heterozygous assuming the conditions of the Handy-Weinberg equilibrium like random reproductive matching etc.
Answer:
Succession is not ever guaranteed to stop in any area due to the possibility of natural disasters, climate change, and disease. The climax within an area my exist for many years but the area always has the potential to be disrupted by unexpected events that may damage plant life.
Explanation:
The U.S. has one of the highest, if not, the highest obesity rate in the world.
I think it might be <em>natural disasters.</em>
