The buffalo population in the Serengeti was regulated by adult mortality which was caused by undernutrition as a result of food shortage. ... The effect of interspecific competition could result in a complex regulation of populations through their food supply.
This one would be amplitude. The reason is because amplitude is the distance from the center of the wave to the farthest point on the wave. So, if the amplitude of a wave is, say, 5m, the distance between the center of the wave and the top (or bottom) would be 5 meters. And to find the total height, just double the amplitude.
Answer: freeze-thaw cycles and hot and cold cycles
Explanation:
