Determine the scale factor for each pair of triangles

Mathematics

1 answer:

Alik [6]3 years ago

6 0

Triangle A is the original triangle, and triangle A' is the image.

We need a pair of corresponding sides in the two triangles that are both labeled with lengths.

We see the side labeled 15.2 mm in triangle A', and we see the side labeled 3.8 mm in triangle A. These two sides are corresponding sides.

Divide the length of the side in the image by the length of the side in the original to find the scale factor.

(15.2 mm)/(3.8 mm) = 4

The scale factor is 4.

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Rewrite the following integral in spherical coordinates.

lora16 [44]

In cylindrical coordinates, we have $r^2=x^2+y^2$ , so that

$z = \pm \sqrt{2-r^2} = \pm \sqrt{2-x^2-y^2}$

correspond to the upper and lower halves of a sphere with radius $\sqrt2$ . In spherical coordinates, this sphere is $\rho=\sqrt2$ .

$1 \le r \le \sqrt2$ means our region is between two cylinders with radius 1 and $\sqrt2$ . In spherical coordinates, the inner cylinder has equation

$x^2+y^2 = 1 \implies \rho^2\cos^2(\theta) \sin^2(\phi) + \rho^2\sin^2(\theta) \sin^2(\phi) = \rho^2 \sin^2(\phi) = 1 \\\\ \implies \rho^2 = \csc^2(\phi) \\\\ \implies \rho = \csc(\phi)$

This cylinder meets the sphere when

$x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1 + z^2 = 2 \implies z^2 = 1 \\\\ \implies \rho^2 \cos^2(\phi) = 1 \\\\ \implies \rho^2 = \sec^2(\phi) \\\\ \implies \rho = \sec(\phi)$

which occurs at

$\csc(\phi) = \sec(\phi) \implies \tan(\phi) = 1 \implies \phi = \dfrac\pi4+n\pi$

where $n\in\Bbb Z$ . Then $\frac\pi4\le\phi\le\frac{3\pi}4$ .

The volume element transforms to

$dx\,dy\,dz = r\,dr\,d\theta\,dz = \rho^2 \sin(\phi) \, d\rho \, d\theta \, d\phi$

Putting everything together, we have

$\displaystyle \int_0^{2\pi} \int_1^{\sqrt2} \int_{-\sqrt{2-r^2}}^{\sqrt{2-r^2}} r \, dz \, dr \, d\theta = \boxed{\int_0^{2\pi} \int_{\pi/4}^{3\pi/4} \int_{\csc(\phi)}^{\sqrt2} \rho^2 \sin(\phi) \, d\rho \, d\phi \, d\theta} = \frac{4\pi}3$