The Executive branch is able to influence the legislative branch through its office of legislative affairs who lobbies in favor of the President's preferred legislative agenda. It is also able to influence the Legislative branch through vetoes and threats of vetoes.
Judicial Branch:
The Executive branch is able to influence the Judicial Branch through the process of nominating judges to the branch. This usually happens through attrition, that is, when Judges retire or die. A President can then fill a spot with someone who reflects the President's judicial ideology.
Slaves in the United States used a number of measures to show resistance to slavery. These methods arose after the first slaves arrived in North America in 1619.
Yes the atom bomb significantly made the U.S. a more powerful country until the Soviet Union created their own. But I think the differing ideologies with both countries fearing and hating each other caused more tension and weapons to be made.
During the Maurya and Gupta empires, the Indian culture and way of life were deeply influenced by Hinduism. Hinduism reinforced a strict social hierarchy called a caste system that made it nearly impossible for people to move outside of their social station.