macrophage are immune system cells that patrol the blood and body tissues. when a macrophage finds a foreign invader, the macrophage ingests (takes in) the foreign invader and then chemically digests (breaks down) that foreign invader. to perform this frequent chemical digestion, macrophage have more than the average body cell is
Macrophages are immune system cells that are vital to the development of non-specific defense mechanisms that provide the first line of defense against pathogens. These large immune cells are present in nearly all tissues and actively remove dead and damaged cells, bacteria, cancerous cells, and cellular debris from the body.
What is Macrophages?
Macrophages are specialized cells that hunt for, engulf, and kill bacteria and other dangerous organisms. They can also activate other cells by releasing substances known as cytokines, which present antigens to T cells and start an inflammatory response.
Blood monocytes that leave the bloodstream to differentiate in various organs give rise to macrophages. Each macrophage population exhibits significant variety, which most likely reflects the level of specialization necessary for each tissue's environment.
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➜ <u>Mendel conducted breeding experiments with garden peas</u>:
[i] He studied plants (pure) of a tall/short varities.
[ii] He crossed them and obtained F1 progeny.
[iii] He found that F1 progeny was all tall plants.
[iv] He selfed the (hybrid) plants if F1 progeny.
[v] He found that in F2 progeny there were tall as well as short plants.
[vi] The three quarter plants were tall and one quarter was short.
(or any other contrasting character may be taken).
<u>Note</u>: Here, F1 means <u>First fillial generation</u> and F2 means <u>Second fillial generation</u>.
I think it is control group
The correct statement is: (2) Sister chromatids are genetically identical.
Sister chromatids are the copies of a single chromosome. These are therefore genetically identical. The sister chromatids are joined together at the region called centromere with the help of certain proteins. The chromatids are formed during the S phase of the interphase due to a process called duplication.
Chromosome is the compact form of DNA. It consists of the genetic material and certain proteins called histone proteins. The main role of chromosome can be seen during cell division. This is because the division of genetic material takes place in the chromosomal form.
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A confounding variable refers to an external effect, which modifies the influence of an independent and dependent variable. This extraneous effect is used to affect the outcome of an experimental design. The confounding variables can ruin the experiment and can generate unnecessary outcomes.
In the given case, confounding variables can be introduced by testing multiple hypotheses at a time and by using distinct kinds of soil in each of the samples.