1. B. A process in which electrons are transferred from one compound to another with a release of energy occurring in the production of ATP
2. A. The gel-like material within a living cell
3. D. An organic molecule that occurs as an intermediate in many metabolic processes
4. C. The chemical breakdown of a substance
Answer:
3) Cells may be specialized to perform a specific function
An ideal gas is one in which the gas molecules do not
interact with each other, hence intermolecular forces of attraction is
negligible. For this to occur, the pressure must be low and temperature is high
so that the volume or space between molecules is very large. This can be taken
from the ideal gas equation:
PV = nRT
where an increase in temperature and decrease in pressure
makes the volume increase
<span>So a noble gas other than radon which would depart most
readily from ideal gas behaviour must have also a high density. From the
tables, this would be Xenon.</span>
The tree topology
The lengths of the branches
The branching order of the tree
Nucleotide substitution rate
These would not affect maximum likelihood estimates of phylogenies when comparing different tree hypotheses.
<h3>What is tree topology?</h3>
- A unique kind of structure called a tree topology has numerous connected parts arranged like the branches of a tree.
<h3>The lengths of the branches:</h3>
- Branch lengths are a sign of genetic divergence; the longer the branch, the more genetic divergence has taken place.
- Usually, we calculate the average number of nucleotide or protein substitutions per site to assess the degree of genetic alteration.
<h3>The branching order of the tree:</h3>
- The topology of a tree refers to its branching structure.
- Species (or higher taxa), populations, genes, and proteins are examples of taxonomic units that the nodes represent.
- A branch is referred to as an edge, and it represents an estimate of the length of time between the evolutionary relationships between taxonomic units.
<h3>What is nucleotide substitution rate?</h3>
- The instantaneous rate of change from each of the four nucleotides to each of the other four nucleotides is summarized in the nucleotide substitution rate matrix.
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