Question

Which statement correctly distinguishes the roles of protein kinases and protein phosphatases in signal transduction pathways?

Answer 1

Answer:

A) Protein kinases activate enzymes by phosphorylating or adding phosphate groups to them. Protein phosphatases dephosphorylate or remove phosphate groups from enzymes, including protein kinases.

Explanation:

Protein kinases are enzymes that have the ability to modulate other enzymes (or some other proteins) by adding the phosphate group. This is known as phosphorilation process. As a result of structural change, protein can change its activity (phosphorilation usually increase the activity).

Phosphatases are enzymes with opposite function, they remove phosphate group from the protein causing different effect.