Locus are a larger version of a grasshopper. When they breed they do it abundantly and they can cause serious crop damage when they fly in swarms. By the way this would be more of a science question. ;)
Your second question is a history one: I believe the answer is Nelson Mandela. He was the first democratic president of the Republic of South Africa. He was "sworn in" in 1994 at the age of 74 or 75 I believe.
The Battle of Gaugamela, in which Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia in 331 BC, took place approximately 100 kilometers (or 62 mi) west of Erbil, Iraq.
Iroquois was the civilization that formed a confederation that may have impacted the US government
Well jizya means, is a per capita yearly tax historically levied on non-Muslim subjects, called the dhimma, permanently residing in Muslim lands governed by Islamic law.
So as the most obvi it is... A head tax.
- Sincerely, Ouma
Let us choose Extra study. Knowing that opportunity cost is related to the opportunities lost by choosing one specific course of events than others. By choosing an extra study and spend hours studying something, my opportunity cost will be the school sports practice hours that could be spent in this time. Another opportunity cost would be the social interaction, in a club, for example, lost because of the extra study decision.