Cosine is transformed in the form:

The amplitude is a
The period of cosine is:

And the phase shift is always by c, so that means our transformed functon in the form mentioned above looks like:

So our period is 
Our phase shift is by
units to the right
and our amplitude is 3.
Answer:
70
Step-by-step explanation:
If you use Pascal's Triangle, you will need 9 lines, since there are 9 terms in a binomial raised to the 8th power. Those 9 terms are:
1, 8, 28, 56, 70, 56, 28, 8, 1
The first expansion through the one we need are below (I hope you know how to use Pascal's Triangle!):

Problem Statement
We are asked to find the critical t-value for a confidence level of 80% and sample size of 17.
Method
To solve this, we simply need to do two things:
1. Calculate the degrees of freedom:
Answer:
The answers are shell tooth bone
Step-by-step explanation:
Answer:
X
2
Step-by-step explanation: