Global warming/climate change
Answer:
Explanation:
There are many options, here are a few choices:
Fast moving water tends to be colder than slow water; some of it originates as snow melt on the sides of mountains, for example. For this, animals in fast water tend to be more cold resistant. This is why you do not see fish like freshwater trout in equatorial regions. These animals struggle and die in slow, warm water.
Fast moving water means that if the animal or plant wants to stay put, it must resist the flow. Fish tend to be far more muscular and lean in these places, while insects like stoneflies, mayflies, and other larvae have ways to secure themselves to rocks and plants while growing. Plants develop strong root systems, and algae hold fast in rocky crevices in the river. Some animals also have suction in order to stay in place where there is fast flowing water.
Some animals have to adapt their reproductive systems as well. Because finding a mate is difficult in the sweeping waters, breeding tends to happen all at one time. As an example, salmon have runs, where thousands of fish all swim upriver at once to breed, can dramatically alter the surrounding ecology of the river. Insects like mayflies have hatches, where hundreds of thousands of flies swarm into the air at once to breed and lay eggs.
Answer:
According to Nutton, we are unable to identify any diseases familiar to us today because we are hampered by the great difference between ancient and modern understanding of the concept of 'a disease'.
The evidence or claim he makes to support this, is in his book "Seeds of Disease" where he states that during the ancient medicine practice, the interpretatation was not held nor rigorously or strict, employing words far looser metaphoric sense, interchangeably with what they had known from Galen instead.
Explanation:
Professor Vivian Nutton specialises in the history of the classical tradition in medicine, from Antiquity to the present, and particularly on Galen. He is currently co-editor of Medical History. Heirs of Hippocrates
, how they exercised their influence, and how they were received and interpreted over the centuries, are fascinating stories. It was taken over and translated into Latin, Arabic, Hebrew and a range of European languages.
His main work has focused around Galen of Pergamum (129–216/7 AD), the most prolific writer to survive from the ancient world, whose combination of great learning and practical skill imposed his ideas on learned doctors for centuries, and, secondly, on the development of medical ideas and practices in the Renaissance of the sixteenth century.
