Solution:
The idea of an atom proposed by the Greek philosophers because:
According to Greek Philosopher, matter is composed of small and indivisible particles called atoms. He introduced atoms as too small to be seen, unchangeable, completely solid without internal structure. He proposed that atoms are of variety of shapes and sizes which is responsible for different types of matter.
But according to Dalton’s atomic theory, chemical elements have atoms, which are identical in weight. The different elements have different atoms of different weight. Atoms can combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds. These observations are already introduced by Greek philosopher, but the idea of atomic weight is introduced by Dalton. He introduced the list of 21 elements with their atomic weights and, he was the first to propose the element’s symbol.
The phrase which best describes nuclear fusion is: A. the process by which small nuclei combine into a larger nucleus.
A nuclear reaction can be defined as a type of chemical reaction in which the nucleus of an atom of a radioactive chemical element is transformed by either being joined (fusion) or split (fission) with the nucleus of another atom of a radioactive chemical element and accompanied by a release of energy.
Generally, there are two (2) main types of nuclear reaction and these include:
- <u>Nuclear fission:</u> it involves the collision of a heavy atomic nucleus with a neutron, thereby causing a split and release of energy.
- <u>Nuclear fusion:</u> it involves the joining of two smaller nuclei of atoms to form a single massive or heavier (larger) nucleus with the release of energy.
In conclusion, nuclear fusion is best described as the process by which small nuclei combine into a larger nucleus, accompanied by a release of energy.
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Noble Gas. Metals have 1 or 2 Valence Electrons. Halogens have 7 Valence Electrons. Semi-Metals can have different amounts.
Both figures are mixtures,
Figure II is a heterogenous mixture
Figure I is a homogenous mixture