Answer:
Zero based budgeting
Explanation:
Zero-based budgeting is a process of developing budget estimates by requiring managers to estimate sales, production, and other operating data as though operations were being initiated for the first time.
It is time consuming compared to other method of budgeting ( traditional).
Zero-based budgeting (ZBB) is a method of budgeting where income less expenditure is equal to zero.
It is a budgeting in which all expenses must be justified for each new period. It is detail-oriented.
Zero-based budgeting can be used to lower costs by avoiding blanket increases or decreases to a prior period's budget.
zero-based budgeting may be a rolling process done over several years.
Answer:
That as inter-disciplinarians we must often bring out common meanings, making them applicable to different texts and contexts.
Explanation:
To deduce is to reduce the choices of answers. Basically by deducing it means to reach to a common definition of the word efficiency in all the fields, whether it be economists, or biologists or political scientists.
This will ensure easy understanding and easy communication of the term at broader level. This will clearly provide for the better ease in all the fields of work.
As we relate to more than a single branch of knowledge, using a single term with different meaning in different branches turns the situation complex.
Answer:
1. Sunk costs : $3.2 billion is a sunk cost as it is already incurred.
2. Opportunity costs: $352 million investment for finishing project is an Opportunity cost. However it will yield $15.1 million per annum for next 5 Yrs.
So Present Value of this CF is less than $15.1 5=$75.5 million.
So Net Present Value = CF0 + CF1 + ......+ CF5 = -352 + Less than 75 = Negative.
So another Opportunity of selling the Satellite for $460 million is a better option.
3. Specify the relevant cash flows.
If additional $352 million investment is undertaken,
$352 million will be Cash outflow in Y(0). It will result in Annual CF of $15.1 million for next 5 yrs.
The major advantage of focus groups is that the reliability of the data collected is high unlike other qualitative methods.
a. True
My advice is not to buy a Ford they suck.