Given:
Do you earn over $50,000 per year?
Male Female Total
Income over 50,000 475 375 850
Income below 50,000 75 75 150
Total 550 450 1,000
Yes, "being female" and "earning over 50,000" are independent events. Independents events are events that happen where the probability of one event happening is not affected by the happening of the other event.
In this case, regardless if you are male or female, you can earn over 50,000.
Also if you are female, you either earn under or over 50,000
We have
and
so the equation is indeed exact. So we want to find a function 
such that
Integrating both sides of the first equation wrt 
gives
Differentiating both sides wrt 
gives
So we have
or
Answer:
the chance of getting heads when flipping a coin is 50%. As I cannot see the graphs, choose the one that shows 50%.
Answer:
10, 11, 12, 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, 12.5
