5' CAP is a structure present only in the mRNA molecule. It is characterized as a "helmet" added to the 5' end of the mRNA molecule.
The main function of 5' CAP is to protect mRNA in the cytoplasm (when it leaves the nucleus towards the ribosome). This is because in the cytoplasm can be found the enzymes ribonucleases and fostases that can alter the function of proteins that allow the mRNA to bind to the smaller subunit of the ribosome.
Since tRNA and rRNA do not need to be linked to the ribosome, they do not need the presence of 5' CAP in their compositions.
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