There were many such programs and doctrines. Programs such as the slave trade where people were considered to be animals or property helped bring racial inequality, while doctrines were like those created by Europeans that claimed that other races are biologically less worth than white people, which is why they should be treated differently.
The one the only, the ever so infamous, Joseph Stalin.
Hey Jasmine812!
Ismail was known for founding the Safavid Empire and becoming a Shah. The correct answer would be C.
Hope this helps!
Christopher Columbus set out looking to find a western sea route to China and India.