From almost the beginning there were two competing parties<span>–the </span>Federalists<span> of Washington, Hamilton and Adams and the </span>Democratic-Republicans<span> of ... Thereafter, the </span>Whig Party<span>, which had failed to take a strong stand on the matter of </span>slavery<span>, faded from the </span>political<span> scene and was replaced by the</span>Republican Party<span> </span>
Answer:
The correct answer is:
b. European nations tend to use the precautionary principle, whereas the United States follows the innocent-until-proven-guilty approach.
Explanation:
The precautionary principle used by European nations consists of protecting the community from possible harms that can be released for example in the development and release of new drugs or treatments. The principle states that the most important is to offer benefits to the community with the different scientific advances that may contribute to solve different kinds of problems, however in some cases, it is necessary first to analyze the possible risks to make decisions based on the facts.
On the other hand, the innocent-until-proven-guilty approach applied by The United States, consists of proving in a really cautious way the products before being released to the market, the approach states that the responsibility of the products or scientific development relies on the fact that it is innocent until proven guilty.
Answer: Longitudinal study.
A longitudinal study is one that involves repeated observations of the same variables over a period of time (in the example, it was four years). The opposite type of study is a cross-sectional study (one that looks at the variables at a given moment).
A prolonged economic contraction is called a recession. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option or option "B". Recession is a huge downturn in the economy that lasts for more than a few months. It has a great effect on the industrial production, income, employment etc.
