When you are dealing with this type of situation, there are some strategies that you can try and that are likely to help you get out of your problem.
First, if you have people around you that might help you out, take advantage of it. Try speaking with an instructor or classmate and return to the question afterwards. Another strategy is to look over the question again and try to find any hints that address the part of the calculation that you are unsure about. Finally, if these strategies do not work, submit your answer and adjust it according to the feedback you receive.
Answer: Federal spending as a percentage of GDP has had a fluctuating range, growing in some years but decreasing in others.
I believe the answer is: Not been disseminated before unless noted otherwise.
This ethical perception exist to held the writers accountable for the validity of things that they wrote. Since it is an ethical standard, technically the writers would not face legal punishment as long as they made a dissemination when the things they wrote are proven to be wrong.
I believe Correlation is not causation" means that just because two things correlate does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. As a seasonal example, just because people in the UK tend to spend more in the shops when it's cold and less when it's hot doesn't mean cold weather causes frenzied high-street spending.
Ottoman Empire or the sharia law?