Interest rates would increase since the tax-exempt status of municipal bonds would lose some of its appeal and there would be less of a market for them as a result of the lower income tax rates.
When the income tax rate is reduced for municipal bonds, the value of the bonds will also decline because the tax-exempt status for the bonds will also be reduced as a result of the lower income tax rate. Additionally, it lessens the demand for municipal bonds.
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Answer:
Yes, it is true that for the built-in loss limitation to apply, the property must have been acquired by the corporation as part of a plan whose principal purpose was to recognize a loss on the property by the liquidating corporation. That is why A net built in loss has to be determined first.
Explanation:
Limitation is equal to the value of the stock of the loss borne by corporation immediately before the ownership changes.
The basis limitation rule only applies when there is a net built-in loss.
Built-in losses are the excess of the adjusted basis for U.S. federal income tax of any Contributed Property over its Agreed Value as of the time of contribution treated as deductions or losses in the year recognized.
A net built-in loss occurs when the aggregate adjusted basis of the property exceeds its fair market value.
Answer:
The use of data aggregation leads to overstatement of the concentration and Herfindahl indices
while the use of National/state data leads to understatement of the degree of concentration in local markets.
Explanation:
The ratio of concentration and Herfindahl indices computed are mainly made up of foreign players while the contributions of small local unorganized players are not considered, which leads to the increase in the value of indices and ratios been used, ( i.e. The use of data aggregation ) . hence the overstatement of the actual level.
The understatement of the degree of concentration in local markets happens because of the use of national and state data while computing the concentration in the local markets like gasoline and this is mainly caused by the presence of fewer industries in the market. The state and national data does not reflect the true concentration in the local market hence the degree of concentration is understated at the local level.
