Animals that have are invertebrate are generally insects, or very small animals, such as worms or snails.
Animals that have a vertebrate are generally larger animals,ranging from a small fish or bird, to a whale.
In short, a jaguar is a vertebrate.
Gravitational pull is measured in G's
Calvin cycle is responsible.
The correct answer is glycolysis.
Glycolysis is an anaerobic process of splitting a molecule of glucose (6 carbons) to 2 molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons each). Glycolysis does not require the presence of oxygen and will still produce energy, albeit lower than aerobic metabolism. In the absence of oxygen, fermentation can occur wherein pyruvate is further converted into lactate.