Answer:
We can easily find out the beginning point of the line by using dot representation. When it comes to position vector, it expresses the exact position of certain object from the starting point of the coordinate system. The vector is a straight line that has a certain end which is fixed to its body
The universal law of gravitation says that the gravitational force between the two masses is
<em>F</em>₁ = <em>G</em> <em>m</em>₁ <em>m</em>₂ / <em>r</em> ² = 6.0 × 10⁻⁶ N
where <em>r</em> = 12 m. When the distance between the two masses is reduced to <em>R</em> = 4 m, i.e. 1/3 of the original distance <em>r</em>, we have
<em>F</em>₂ = <em>G</em> <em>m</em>₁ <em>m</em>₂ / <em>R </em>² = <em>G</em> <em>m</em>₁ <em>m</em>₂ / (<em>r</em>/3)² = 1/9 <em>G</em> <em>m</em>₁ <em>m</em>₂ / <em>r </em>² = 1/9 <em>F</em>₁
so that the resulting gravitational force has 1/9 the first magnitude, or
<em>F</em>₂ = 1/9 (6.0 × 10⁻⁶ N) ≈ 6.7 × 10⁻⁷ N
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