The release of toxins such as heavy metals into the water bodies has been deeply frowned at .This is because toxins usually have a negative effect on aquatic species. The negative effects include:
- Developmental dysfunction
- Gender imbalances
Toxins also gives rise to developmental dysfunction in the animals . The toxins ensures that there is a shortage by interfering/reacting with the nutrient needed for the growth of these organisms.
The issue of gender imbalance is also true as some toxins causes water bodies to be warmer which favors the presence of female aquatic species such as reef fish.
Toxins causes aquatic bodies to be short of oxygen supply as the elements or compounds released vie for oxygen with the animals which may lead to less reproduction rates and death in severe occasions.
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The question is incomplete. The complete question is:
Question: Innate immunity:
a) is based on recognition of antigens that are specific to a pathogen.
b) is the first and most general, mechanism of protection against pathogens
c) is found only in vertebrates
d) depends on an infected animal's previous exposure to a pathogen
Answer:
b) is the first and most general, mechanism of protection against pathogens
Explanation:
Innate immunity is the nonspecific immune response that provides immediate and the most general protection against all types of pathogens, parasites, toxins and cancer cells. Innate immune responses serve to prevent the pathogens from entering the body. The components of innate immunity also rapidly destroy those pathogens that have entered the body.
Some of the components of innate immunity are the first line of defense such as the physical and chemical barriers of the skin and mucous membranes. The components of the second line of defense such as natural killer cells, phagocytes and inflammatory response are also involved in innate immune responses.
For example, cuticle or skin serves as a physical barrier to pathogens that come in contact with an animal’s body. Phagocytosis kills the bacteria that invade the body.
Sediment loss from Agricultural Land use......
Sediment can adversely affect the quality of streams , lakes and their diminish their suitabillty.....................
<span> for examples sheet and rill erosion mainly move soil particles from the surface or plow layer of the soil</span>
<span>People who score higher on IQ tests are more intelligent than those with lower scores. A smarter person shows more neural plasticity (re-wiring of the brain) and faster brain-wave responses to simple stimuli than a less intelligent person.</span>