In marine environment, many animals confuse the plastic littering the oceans for food including sea turtles. Once in these animal bodies the plastic accumulates, and the chemicals can cause excess estrogen to be produced, which has led to discoveries of male fish with female sex organs. For sea turtles, the plastic blocks their digestive tract and the food that is trapped releases gases that render them buoyant, and unable to dive for food. The turtle was slowly starving because a single use plastic bag, which she had eaten, was blocking her digestive tract.
The plastic contains destructible and harmful agents that is not good for human and animals health.
The answer is called the foramen ovale. Hope this helps.
Answer:
Since it will help the individual live longer, there is a greater chance that it will reproduce than those with lesser favorable traits. Thus the next generation will resemble the parents with the favorable triat more.
Explanation:
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Because during digestion, blood is needed to execute the process.
Swimming also requires blood so it takes the blood that was initially being used for digestion away.
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Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html