Answer: Budding
Budding is a asexual mode of reproduction in unicellular simple organisms. In budding a small protuberance or outgrowth develops as daughter cell on the parent cell called as bud. The bud enlarged in size and gets detached from the parent organism and grows as a new organism.
B. Clade 1 is ancestral to all the other clades
Answer:
C. is unstable, with a short half life
Explanation:
Paracrine hormones are the hormones that act on neighboring cells only. These hormones or chemicals are largely unstable and have a brief life as do not visit the distantly placed target cells. For instance, somatostatin is secreted by D cells of the pancreas. It acts in a paracrine manner and inhibits the discharge of hormones from the neighboring beta and alpha cell.
Likewise, one of the functions of unstable NO gas is to serve as a vasodilator. It is released by epithelium cells and serves to dilate arterioles and relax precapillary sphincters. Then it is degraded.
The very primitive organism is the oldest because, over time, organisms gradually evolved into more complex organisms. First came the primitive organism, then it evolved into the more complex one, or the younger fossil.
