yes, America could still in fact get a large territory. They could get it by force (war), Buy the land, or a treaty. The bigger question however, is it worth doing it. If America wants to get the land by war that just adds to what the're doing in the middle east, and if it's a neighbor next to them (Canada or Mexico) the blood shead could be high because of pupulated cities. As for money or a treaty it wouln't be that much of a risk but it depends on how much money and the details of the treaty.
Umm you have to give more details
Sorta. It gave motivation and will for more people to fight for independence, but the retaliton from the British sorta counter it in a way. the British made them pay back for all the tea lost, and also made some generals go after rebal leaders
The number of people in the house depends on the number of people in the state. Every 30,000 people = 1 representative. The number of people in the senate is 100 and will always be 100 because each state, regardless of size gets 2 senators. They are all elected