Answer:
The correct answer is b. Alcohol consumption and smoking can affect men's sperm and are associated with known birth defects.
Explanation:
According to different observational studies, it has been concluded that approximately the concentration of sperm in optimal conditions, taking into account its morphology and movements, is reduced by 13% for smokers compared to non-smokers. In addition to 25 other studies of the same type that have been carried out, which lead to the conclusion that the consumption of substances such as alcohol and tobacco, are harmful to male fertility and can also lead to the development of some inherited disorders such as cancer Autism spectrum disorder, among others.
It informs society how it can end up being deadly and society reacted to that by having safe sex and being aware of who they are sleeping with
The cycle is called Yo-Yo dieting.