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Ilia_Sergeevich [38]
3 years ago
15

Which of the following is true about nucleic acids

Biology
1 answer:
Ierofanga [76]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

b. is the answer

Explanation:

Both DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids

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Glycolysis begins with ________ and ends with the production of ________.
aniked [119]
Glucose and 2 Pyruvate molecules  



Hope that helped, Good luck! (:
3 0
3 years ago
For each cross, describe whether genetics or temperature determines the sex of progeny produced from eggs incubated at 35 degree
goldenfox [79]

<u>Answer and Explanation</u>:

In reptiles, there are two mechanisms of sex determination:

-Genetic mechanisms, determined at the fertilization moment

-Environmental mechanisms, which are temperature-dependent.

Temperature is an environmental factor that affects different processes in organisms at a molecular level, biochemical level, or physiological level. In reptiles such as lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodiles, among other, temperature influences their embryonary development, their growth, daily activities, reproduction rate, sex determination, and etc.

In lizards, it occurs that whenever eggs are incubated at low temperatures, between 22 º and 27ºC, they produce a higher percentage of males, while eggs exposed to higher temperatures, 30ºC and above, produce more females. There are only a few degrees of temperature at which exposed eggs produce males and females equally.

The importance of knowing the mechanism of organisms´ sex determination lies in how climate change may be affecting wild populations due to fluctuations in temperature.

In the exposed example, the first cross between ZZ males and ZW females, genetics is the mechanism that determines the sex of progeny produced from eggs incubated at 24 and 35 degrees celsius. While in the second cross between ZZmales and ZZ females, temperature determines the sex of progeny produced from eggs incubated at 24 and 35 degrees celsius. This is, eggs exposed to temperatures below 28ºC will produce only males, so there won't be any female in the progeny. But eggs incubated at 30ºC and over will produce females, as shown in the table.

3 0
3 years ago
Which of the following best describes the pattern of microbial death? Which of the following best describes the pattern of micro
____ [38]

Answer:

The cells in a population die at a constant rate

Explanation:

Microbial death is the loss of the ability of microbes to reproduce and survive in an environment. When a given microbial population is given a treatment, the microbial cells die at a constant rate. Microbial death rate  is not dependent on the specie and nor on the antimicrobial agent.

Therefore, the microbial cells in a population does not die at once but die at a constant logarithmic rate; the cells decreases exponentially as nutrients decreases and waste product increases.

For example, if 500,000 microbes are treated or in a nutrient depleted environment and 50,000 microbes is left after 1 minute, by the next minute under the same condition 5,000 microbial cells will be left and this pattern will continue, this explains exponential decrease

8 0
3 years ago
Place all eight of these steps of the insulin signaling pathway in the correct order. The abbreviation PIP 2 is used for phospha
DedPeter [7]

Answer:

The correct insulin pathway is described as under:

2. Binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of the insulin receptor

8. Activation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase

3. Phosphorylation of IRS proteins

6. Phosphorylation of phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)

4. Conversion of PIP2 to PIP3

7. Activation of PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1)

5. Glut4 receptors transported to the cell membrane

Explanation:

The insulin signaling pathway is described as under:

RTK (receptor tyrosine kinases) which is a receptor for insulin is an extracellular receptor but in contrast to other cell surface receptors it is catalytic in nature. In the absence of insulin (ligand), it is monomeric but as soon as it gets activated (activation occurs upon ligand binding), it undergo dimerization. It leads to auto-phosphorylation in it's tyrosine residue which subsequently leads to phosphorylation of tyrosine residue of other receptors. Such hyper-phosphorylated receptor have high affinity with enzyme/molecule like IRS protein which have SH2 domain . IRS down stream activates phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K). This enzyme converts component of animal cell membrane PIP2 into PIP3. PIP3 also remains membrane bound but it has the potential to phosphorylate another enzyme named as PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1). Further, PDK1 leads to the activation of Akt or PK-B. Akt is a serine-threonine kinase which ultimately leads to the recruitment of Glut4 receptors on cell membrane for uptake of more and more glucose into the cell.

Note: Apart from this Akt also phosphorylates another protein named as FOXO which ultimately causes cell growth, Akt can also phosphorylate BAD protein so as to restrict cell apoptosis or we can say it leads to cell survival, Akt also leads to translation in a cell with the help of mTOR raptor etc.  

5 0
3 years ago
Question 2
Charra [1.4K]

Answer: cities

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
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