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Most eukaryotic cells that are not involved in the production of gametes undergo mitosis. These cells, known as somatic cells, are important to the survival of eukaryotic organisms, and it is essential that somatic parent and daughter cells do not vary from one another.
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Answer:
Above
Explanation:
The anthers are always above the stigma.
The PAX-6 gene is a gene that translates to the PAX-6 protein that serves as a transcription factor needed to activate certain genes that functions in the development of the eyes. While PAX-6 gene may look like it produces different functions for different species (such as formation of the compound eye in insects vs. formation of a single lens eye in vertebrates), it does not. It does in fact only regulate the genes required for the formation of the eyes. Absence or mutation of the PAX-6 gene will cause aniridia or absence of the iris, opaque lens and cornea, and a dysfunctional retina. Also, the function of the PAX-6 protein is conserved throughout evolution of species.
This is an example of vestigial structure.
Vestigial structures are structures (cells, tissues and organs) found in an organism that has lost most or all of its primitive function through evolution. The vestigial structure has performed vital functions in the organism in the past but as there are changes in species as a result of natural selection, the structure became less important until it no longer functions. A reduced nonfunctional digit on the paws of dogs known as a dewclaw is an example of vestigial structure.
