Answer:
any change in the nucleitide sequence because of failure in the system.
Explanation:
im in bio class lol but uh this is a definition that can be searched
Cytoplasm maintains the internal pressure in the cell.
The 2% of the insects will begin to reproduce and grow their population exponentially and in time enable the population to recover. This is if the population is large enough to enable random mating. The 98% reduction in population drastically reduces competition for the remaining individuals hence giving them abundant resources for them to thrive.
The answer is Paramecium.
The paramecium is a unicellular ciliated protozoan. They are
often found in fresh water and brackish water areas. They have the elongated
shaped that looks like a rod and has the color violet under the stain because it signifies that it is positive.
Answer:
Cell-mediated immunity develops through a network of interactions that results in defense against microorganisms that survive within phagocytes or other cells. The response is initiated by the recognition of intracellular microorganism antigen by T cells through the histocompatibility complex. In the CD8 response, only the target cell carrying the class I associated antigen can be lysed or induced to apoptosis. In another mechanism of the cellular response, CD4 + Th1 T cells activate, for example, cytokine-infected macrophages such as IFN. When a pathogen resists the effects of activated macrophages, chronic infection may develop.
The hormonal immunity response leads to the destruction of extracellular microorganisms and prevents or decreases the spread of intracellular cells by neutralizing, opsonizing and activating the complement system.
