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goldfiish [28.3K]
3 years ago
11

Fish hatchery workers know that if they want artificially spawned salmon to return to a specific stream to spawn when they reach

adulthood, the workers have to raise the fry (baby salmon) in water from that stream during a certain critical time in their early development. This is a clear demonstration of _____.
a. trial-and-error learning
b. operant conditioning
c. imprinting
d. habituation
Biology
1 answer:
notsponge [240]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

c. imprinting  

Explanation:

Imprinting is the object of study of ethology, which is related to animal behavior. In the early stage of an animal's life, imprinting is an essential and most conducive phase for learning and subsequent development. The two main types of imprinting are sexual and filial.  In sexual imprinting, a young animal learns the traits it seeks in a mate. Affiliate imprinting is the learning of a offspring from his / her parent.

In the case of the salmon fish situation, the need for workers to raise fingerlings (salmon) in stream water during a certain critical period in their early development is an example of imprinting. In this case, imprinting is necessary for the development of this animal in a different environment from the one it was raised.

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Answer:

B) This is an example of energy coupling

Explanation:

Energy coupling is a process by which cells carry out thermodynamically unfavorable, endergonic (energy-requiring) reactions to other exergonic (reactions that liberate free energy) reactions.

Reactions which are endergonic do not occur spontaneously as they result in a decrease in entropy and a positive free energy change, ∆G.

Exergonic reactions occur spontaneously as they result in an increase in entropy and have a negative free energy change, ∆G.

For example, the active transport of ions against their concentration gradients in cells is a non-spontaneous endergonic process which is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP, an exergonic process in other for the reaction to proceed. ATP hydrolysis phosphorylates an amino acid side chain in the transport protein which then drives the forward process of transport of the ion.

Considering the above,

Option A: The hydrolysis of ATP is endergonic, and the active transport is exergonic is false because ATP hydrolysis is exergonic while active transport is endergonic.

Option B: This is an example of energy coupling is true.

Option C: Both ATP hydrolysis and active transport are spontaneous because they result in an increase in entropy of the system is false because only ATP hydrolysis is spontaneous

Option D: Neither ATP hydrolysis nor active transport is spontaneous is false because ATP hydrolysis is spontaneous.

Option E: ATP is acting as a transport protein to facilitate the movement of the ion across the plasma membrane is false because ATP is not a protein, rather it serves to activate the transport protein by phosphorylating it.

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