Answer:
0.25
Step-by-step explanation:
72% of courses have final exams and 46% of courses require research papers which means probability of 0.72 for courses that have final exams and 0.46 for courses that require research papers.
31% of courses have a research paper and a final exam, which means probability of 0.31 for both courses with exams and research papers, using Venn diagram approach, find picture attached to the solution.
P(R or E) = P(R) + P(E) - P(R and E), which gives:
P(R or E) = 0.15 + 0.41 - 0.31
P(R or E) = 0.25.
