Answer:
b) high in rich countries.
Explanation:
Capital-to- labour ratio measure the degree of capitalisation of an economy.
Labour is the service that is given by workers in exchange for salaries in the production process.
Capital is the long term input that is put into the manufacturing process, usually in the form of machinery or systems that automate production.
Capital-to-labour ratio= Total capital/ Total labour
Rich countries have a high level of capitalisation of their production process, where a lot of activity is automated. So capital is high and labour input is low. This results in a high capital-to-labour ratio.
On the other hand poor countries are more labour inensive, so their capital-to-labour ratio is low.
By the use of Lifo in a period where the prices rise, companies avoid to report paper profit, also called phantom profit, as economic gain. Have in mind that in periods of changing prices, the cost flow assumption can have a significant impact onincome and on evaluations based on income. That is why when Lifo is used the companies tend to <span>report the lowest net income </span>
D because a discount is an upfront guaranteed incentive