Question

Fill n the blanks with the terms provided. Not all terms will be used.

Answer 1

Answer:

Enzymes are produced through protein synthesis within cells. Once formed, the location of enzymes secreted varies. Enzymes may remain within the cell. An example of an enzyme that does this is DNA polymerase that helps to form new DNA. Enzymes may also become embedded in the plasma membrane. The enzyme lactase does this. It can be found in the plasma membranes of small intestine cells. As a final option, some enzymes will be secreted from the cell and used by other cells. An example of this can be seen with pancreatic production of pancreatic amylase. Once it is released from the pancreas, it participates in starch digestion in the small intestine.

Explanation:

Enzymes are a special type of protein that have the important function to catalyze chemical reactions - this means that the lack of a certain enzyme will result in an important chemical reaction not happening, or happening at a much lower rate. These chemical reactions can be anabolic (meaning the creation -synthesis- of a molecule) or catabolic (which refers to the destruction -degradation- of a molecule).

For example, like the paragraph above explained, enzymes in the digestive tract have the task to convert the food that we ingest into smaller particles that can be absorbed by our intestines and used as nutrients. If one of these enzymes were to be absent, that specific nutrient wouldn't be properly digested - as it happens in people that are lactose intolerant (they lack the enzyme lactase, so they can't digest lactose, the sugar present in dairy products).