Answer: Precambrian, period of time extending from about 4.6 billion years ago (the point at which Earth began to form) to the beginning of the Cambrian Period, 541 million years ago.
Explanation:
i don't if this is want your looking for but hope it helps
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Nonspecific defenses provide the body with general protection against foreign invaders
Answer:
a. Valinomycin carries Kt into the mitochondrial matrix, reducing the electrical component of the electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation is a process by which cells generate ATP (the energy coin of the cells) by coupling an electrochemical potential gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane created by the electron transport chain to phosphorylation of ADP. Moreover, an ionophore is a molecule that reversibly binds ions. Ionophores are often involved in the movement of ions across the cell membrane. Valinomycin is an ionophore that mediates the transport of potassium (K+) ions down a concentration gradient, which is capable of disrupting the gradient across the membrane by modifying the K+ gradient. Valinomycin binds to K+ ions and enables them to pass more rapidly across the mitochondrial inner membrane, thereby neutralizing the excess of negative charge inside the mitochondrial matrix and thus slowing ATP synthesis.
Answer:
Overview
Adipose tissue, or body fat, is loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes. In addition to adipocytes, adipose tissue contains the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of cells including preadipocytes, fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells and a variety of immune cells (i.e., adipose tissue macrophages) [1] (Figure 1). Adipose tissue is derived from preadipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of lipids, although it also cushions and insulates the body. Far from hormonally inert, adipose tissue has, in recent years, been recognized as a major endocrine organ [2], as it produces hormones such as leptin, estrogen, resistin, and the cytokine TNFα. Moreover, adipose tissue can affect other organ systems of the body and may lead to disease. The two types of adipose tissue are white adipose tissue (WAT), which stores energy, and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which generates body heat.
iXCells offers a wide collection of primary cells isolated from human and rodent adipose tissues, including Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Preadipocytes (PAds). These cells are are fully validated by marker staining, flow cytometric analysis and differentiation. They are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi.