biotic- living things
abiotic- non living things
The main responsible for the delay among the atrial and
ventricular contractions is the action potential conduction velocity of the AV
node cells. If the atria and ventricles contract simultaneously, atria cannot
give any help in filling the ventricles, which is needed, especially in those
with stiff ventricles as in the elderly. Hence atria have to contract first and
then the ventricles.
luconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc.[5]
Explanation:
All cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes,and DNA. The plasma membrane, or cell membrane, is the phospholipid layer that surrounds the cell and protects it from the outside environment. They both use ribosomes for producing proteins.
+sorry i made a mistake on the previous question. Prokaryotic cell doesn't have nucleus. I obviously didn't know the right meaning of this word bc im not a native english speaker