Answer:
D -- ATP synthesis when the phosphate donor is a substrate with high phosphoryl transfer potential
Explanation:
Substrate- level phosphorylation is the synthesis of ATP from ADP by the transfer of phosphoryl group from a substrate with high phosphoryl group potential to the ADP molecule.
In substrate-level phosphorylation, the donor is a phosphorylated intermediate molecule with a high phosphate transfer potential and it is a way through which phosphate in introduced into a molecule, the other two ways are oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation. In substrate-level phosphorylation, a PO4^2- is transferred from a phosphate intermediate (substrate) to ADP to form ATP. Phosphorylase and kinases are enzymes involved in this reaction. An example is the reaction in glycolysis which involves phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to form Pyruvate and ATP. This is to ensure adequate supply of energy to cells and also during anoxia so as not to make mitochodria strain the glycolytic ATP reserves.
1.The nucleus is often considered to be the cell's control center.
(because it contains the DNA)
2.The cytoplasm consists of everything
inside the plasma membrane of the cell.
(actually it excludes the nucleus)
3.The plasma membrane forms
a boundary between the inside and outside of the cell. - it controls what can enter and what can't!
4.The cytoskeleton is essentially a "skeleton" inside the cell..
it maintains the form of the cell
5.The
rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with
Ribosomes -they make the proteins!
6.Lysosomes
use enzymes to break down foreign matter and dead cells.
7.plant cells cells specifically have a cell wall, a large central
vacuole, and chloroplasts.-choloplasts are only found in plants!
High frequency, short / small wavelength
Answer:
Animals and plants need to get rid of carbon dioxide gas through a process called respiration. Carbon moves from fossil fuels to the atmosphere when fuels are burned.
The oceans, and other bodies of water, absorb some carbon from the atmosphere. The carbon is dissolved into the water.
To prevent blood flowing back after each heartbeat. They ensure that the blood flows only in one direction (back to the heart).
