Enzymes are biological catalysts. Catalysts work by lowering the amount of energy required to set off a chemical reaction.
Answer:
miR-223 inhibits the expression of the fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene, and thereby ESCs cells maintain their undifferentiated state
.
Explanation:
Non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) are molecules that regulate gene expression, thereby playing important biological functions in cell differentiation, cell cycle, apoptosis, etc. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of ncRNAs capable of controlling gene expression patterns by regulating mRNA stability and by suppressing their translation into proteins. It has been shown that miRNAs function by imperfectly base-pairing with the 3′ UTR of target mRNAs (Pillai et al. 2005).
Citation:
R. S. Pillai, S. N. Bhattacharyya, C. G. Artus, T. Zoller, et al. (2005). Inhibition of translational initiation by Let-7 MicroRNA in human cells. Science, 309(5740), 1573-1576.
17 a
The figure A and B is a plant cell because it is shaped like a box C and D are animal cells because they are circles
17b
Figure A is going through telophase figure B is going though prophase
C is anaphase
D is also telophase
Answer:
If the immune system has a destructive and autoimmune response, it produces specific antibodies, which bind to the receptors of the thyroid cells and destroy them thinking that they are antigens or factors not characteristic of the body.
Explanation:
This happens because the thyroid cells do not present on its surface the histocompatibility complex, which is a surface protein similar to the proper and non-proper "seal", that is, it is the demarcation by which the antibodies and the cells are guided to recognize what foreign to the organism.
The histocompatibility complex is sometimes absent or rather mutated, thus generating that these cells are considered not their own and that the antibody is a receptor in order to generate the autolysis pathway or even the immune defense pathway.
