Answers
1. 8 electrons
2. 10 electrons
3. 10 electrons
4. 8 from the oxygen atom and 1 from each of the 2 hydrogen atoms
5. 4 hydrogen bonds
Explanation
The atomic number of oxygen is 8 thus it has a total of 8 electrons. When writing the electron configuration for the oxygen, the first n shell requires two electrons to complete the 1st orbital. The fact that 1s holds a maximum of 2 electrons the next 2 electrons of oxygen goes to 2s orbital. The 2s orbital takes a maximum of two electrons and the remaining 4 electrons occupy the 2p orbital. The configuration formed will be 1s² 2s² 2p4 .The maximum number of electrons in the second shell is 2n²=2×2² =8 from the formula 2n² (the maximum number of electrons in a shell). The total number of electrons in the second shell is 2(in s orbital) +4 (in p orbital) =6.The number of unpaired electrons is 8-6=2
A water molecule has four hydrogen bonds, because it is made up of two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom. A water molecule has 10 protons and 10 electrons thus it is neutral. In the water molecule there is formation of covalent bonds where oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms share electrons though the sharing is not equal. In the covalent bond, the oxygen atoms attract electrons more than the hydrogen atoms.
You should only test one variable/factor in a science experiment.
Well if the small intestine needs to absorb the nutrients, then the nutrients kind of have to go somewhere right?
also, there is a transfer from high to low
inside the small intestine there are lots of nutrients that need to be absorbed to be made into energy
the cells would only have to take in more nutrients if it has run out, aka it's low on nutrients
thus the high concentration outside the cell and the low concentration inside leads to the active transport through the cell membrane
The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis starts when the energy of light is processed to chemical energy within the cells of plants. The ATP molecules created power the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle utilizes energy to create carbohydrates from h20 and co2.
