Question

For each label determine whether it describes the independence movement in Ghana, Kenya, or both

Answer 1

Answer:

Ghana independence movement:

-Led by Kwame Nkrumah

-Peaceful transition of power

-Independent after 1945

-Former British colony

Kenya independence movement:

-Led by Jomo Kenyatta

-Violent Mau Mau rebellion led to independence

-Independent after 1945

-Former British colony

Explanation:

-Since 1874, Ghana had been a colony of Great Britain.

The architect of Ghana's independence was the precursor of pan-Africanism Kwame N'Krumah, who in 1949 organized the People's Convention Party, to demand profound reforms in favor of the population. But by opposing the 1951 Constitution, he was imprisoned along with his collaborators.

On February 8, 1951 the first elections in the history of Ghana took place and the party of Nkrumah triumphed, who was released on February 12 of that year. The reason for these elections were popular protests against the British Empire, which spread throughout the country until finally achieving independence in 1957.

-The British established its colony in current Kenya in 1888. Following the model of South Africa, in 1915 the British colonial administration imposed the obligation on all blacks over fifteen years of age to wear a permanent certificate on their necks to prove their identity and use. In 1920, the governor raised the per capita tax to force the Kikuyu to join the settlers as agricultural workers and thus be able to pay. However, when in 1921 the settlers reduced the wages of indigenous workers by a third, demonstrations and strikes broke out. On March 16, 57 demonstrators were shot dead and leaders of nationalist associations were arrested and deported.

From October 1952 until December 1959, Kenya remained in a latent state of emergency as a result of the rebellion against British rule. The war left 100,000 dead and 320,000 prisoners.

The first direct elections of Africans to the Legislative Council took place in 1957. Despite British hopes of giving the nation a "moderate" African leadership, it was the Kenya African National Union of Jomo Kenyatta the political force that formed the first government after the independence of Kenya on December 12, 1963. Kenyatta became the country's top leader at first as prime minister and, as of 1964 , when Kenya became a republic, as the first president of the Republic.