Answer:
theory
Explanation:
a theory results from a proven hypothesis
Answer:
The question is incomplete, it lacks options. The options are:
A) It has made the demand for insulin decrease.
B) It has made the incidence of diabetes decrease.
C) It has made it easier for diabetics to inject themselves with insulin.
D) It has made insulin cheaper and more readily available.
The answer is D
Explanation:
Genetic engineering is a biotechnological procedure that involves the transfer of genes from one organism to another using biotechnology. In this case, bacteria cells are said to be genetically modified because their genetic content is tampered with and the genes that produces the insulin protein in humans is added into their genome. Hence, they transcribe and translate this gene to produce the protein-insulin.
Diabetic patients cannot produce this insulin in their system. Hence, the insulin produced from this genetically modified bacteria cells can be administered to diabetics via injection. This genetically modified way of producing insulin has proven to be a far better option to the previous practice of slaughtering cattles and pigs to obtain this protein because the GM method allows insulin to be produced in large amounts making it available and cheaper to diabetics.
mRNA
Messenger RNA is used to copy and encode genetic information from DNA base pairs by forming complementary strand of RNA molecule from the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm.
tRNA
Transfer RNA reads sequence of nucleotide from messenger RNA and translate them into proteins or amino acids during proten synthesis.
Transcription
This is the first step in gene expression where information from DNA is copied into a complementary strand of RNA molecule using RNA polymerase enzyme.
Translation
Messenger RNA made from the process of transcription travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are produced using transfer RNA to copy the information.
The use of DNA to make proteins.
Through gene expression (central dogma of biology), the DNA molecule carries information, a gene code, in form of base pairing sequences that are transcribed to RNA and further translated to functional proteins or amino acids.
Answer:
T and B cells.
Explanation:
Adaptive immunity is the kind of immunity that you acquire after exposure to an antigen (pathogen or vaccine), it involves memory in order to facilitate a quick response if there's a reinfection with the same pathogen.<em> T cells are responsible for the cell-mediated response while the B cells are responsible for the humoral response.</em> Both of these cells are specific to the pathogen's structure, therefore they can kill it directly.
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