A proton gradient is an important part of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration because couple the favorable flow of H+ to transport specific metabolites into and out of organelles.
<h3>What is the proton gradient?</h3>
The gradient is sometimes called the proton-motive and can be thought of as a form of energy, force and force in a battery. Like other ions, protons are not able to cross directly through the phospholipid bilayer of the membrane, as the interior of the membrane is hydrophobic.
The proton gradient generated by this manipulation provided a driving force for ATP synthesis in the absence of light. This confirms the chemiosmotic theory, where a chemical potential across the membrane can provide energy for ATP synthesis.
The proton gradient produced by pumping protons during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP.
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Answer:
13. is Option J) all of the above
and 14 I'm not completely sure but I think its option D.
Answer:
a long time just kidding
Explanation:
20,000 and 40,000 years ago this can be proved by fossil evidence.
mark me brainliest please!
Answer:
Polygenic inheritance
Explanation:
Polygenic inheritance occurs when a genetic trait is regulated by more than one genes. All the alleles of these genes together determine the phenotype of the organism for the polygenic trait. Here, the phenotype is regulated by the total number of dominant alleles for all the genes that regulate a polygene trait.
For example, human skin color is a polygenic trait. The final phenotype depends on the total number of dominant alleles of all the genes that regulate the skin color in human.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane
Explanation:
