Answer:
Regulating
Explanation:
According to Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, there are four major categories of ecosystem services. These services include:
1. Provisioning
2. Regulating
3. Supporting
4. Cultural
The Regulating category is the category that consists of Air and water quality - Purification, climate, erosion, disease transmission, and pest proliferation - Biological control, and pollination.
The ecosystem services are services or functions rendered by the natural environment that ensure the environment is sustainable and healthy for human use.
Answer:
An invasive species is an organism that causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native.
Explanation:
Invasive species can harm both the natural resources in an ecosystem as well as threaten human use of these resources. An invasive species can be introduced to a new area via the ballast water of oceangoing ships, intentional and accidental releases of aquaculture species, aquarium specimens or bait, and other means.
Invasive species are capable of causing extinctions of native plants and animals, reducing biodiversity, competing with native organisms for limited resources, and altering habitats. This can result in huge economic impacts and fundamental disruptions of coastal and Great Lakes ecosystems.
Available oxygen
Available oxygen is the amount of oxygen present at a specific time that can be used in aerobic cellular respiration.
Aerobic cellular respiration is a metabolic process that occurs within the cells of organisms. In this process, oxygen is used in the mitochondria to chemically convert organic molecules such as glucose into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), with the release of water and carbon dioxide as waste products. Aerobic cellular respiration results in a larger amount of energy (ATP) which is used by the cell to perform its activities.
Answer: 1. Cyclin-dependent kinases.
2. The activation process is in two steps: binding of cyclin to cdk and then phosphorylation of cdk cyclin.
3. They are activated when cdks sends signals to cell that is pass already into the next stage of the cell cycle.
4. They are inactivated by the combination of P21 and Thr-14/Tyr-15 phosphorylation after uv induced DNA damage.
5. Changes are seen in target protein level when cdks level rises.
6. The targets are protein that promotes cell divisions.
Explanation:
