The answer is D. Dual federalism.
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Further Explanation</h2>
Federalism is a political concept in which a group of members is bound together by agreement with the chief representative of the government. The term "federalism" is also used to describe a system of government in which constitutional sovereignty is divided between the central government and the government of constituent political units (such as states or provinces). Federalism is a system based on democratic rules and institutions where the power to govern is shared between the central government and provincial / state governments, creating what is often called a federation.
The European Union is an interesting discussion because IGO is an entity that has a significant role in the European continent and the world. The European Union is a multi-level country because sovereign rights within the European Union are divided between supranational, national and regional institutions. But in international relations and European integration, the word multi-level is very difficult to interpret so that it cannot know what is the nature contained in the multi-level meaning. To find out the meaning of multi-level in the European Union, federalism appears to help analyze and discuss ways of sharing power between different levels of government in the European Union. This is because federalism refers to the division of space or territory between two (more) levels of government in a particular political system. The federalism system can be seen from the sovereignty divided between various levels of government and in the federalism system, there is not one dominant level.
Federalism can be divided into two namely separation des pouvoirs and distribution des pouvoirs. The separation des pouvoirs model is a model of separation between autonomy with different levels of institutionalization. The purpose of this autonomous sphere separation is so that each government can take responsibility for the regions that are part of it. Every government has two powers namely legislative and executive, so the government system runs less optimally. Whereas in the separation des pouvoirs or dual federalism model the country that best suits this model is the United States. Whereas distribution des pouvoirs or cooperative federalism is a system where the central level makes laws and the federal units responsible for implementing them. In this system very much requires a strong representation of the interests of federal units at the central level, not only to ensure efficient implementation of federal policies but also to prevent federal units from being reduced. The territorial representation room is regulated by the Federal Council, where federal units represented by their government and related to their population but small countries are usually over-represented. Functional and fiscal interdependencies of the two main levels of government not only lead to political interconnection and joint decision making but also the emergence of a policy-making system in which policies are formulated and implemented by governments at both levels of government ('executive federalism').
The EU multi-level government system seems to fit in with dual federalism compared to the federalism cooperation model.
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definition of Federalism brainly.com/question/2284707
The European Union brainly.com/question/2284707
Details
Grade: High School
Subject: Social studies
keywords: Federalism
