Explanation:
Cumulonimbus clouds are a type of cumulus cloud associated with thunder storms and heavy precipitation. They are also a variation of nimbus or precipitation bearing clouds. They are formed beneath 20,000 ft. and are relatively close to the ground. ... These clouds often produce lightning in their heart.
Answer:
Parasympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
The parasympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system is activated to restore the body's energy level after the emergency conditions. This division of the autonomic nervous system triggers the digestion and absorption of nutrients so that body cells obtain and conserve energy.
Some of the responses generated by activated parasympathetic division are increased activity of glands associated with the digestive system and increased the contraction of smooth muscles of the digestive tract. The parasympathetic nervous system also slows down the responses required for physical activities such as heart rate and breathing rate.
Answer:
b. actively transport Cl- from the ECF to the external environment.
Explanation:
Chloride cells are cells that are found in the gills of teleost fishes which pump large amount of sodium and chloride ions out from the extracellular fluid (ECF) into the sea or environment against a concentration gradient in marine fish.
The opposite of this process occurs in freshwater fishes where the gills of freshwater teleost fish, cause an influx of sodium and chloride ions into the fish from the environment, also against a concentration gradient.
Mechanism of action
Salt water teleost fishes take in large amounts of seawater to decrease osmotic dehydration. The excess of ions derived from seawater is thrown out of the teleost fishes through the chloride cells. These cells employs active transport on the basolateral (internal) surface to diffuse in chloride, which then is pumped out of the apical (external) surface, straight into the surrounding environment. Such mitochondria-rich cells are located in the region of the gill lamellae and filaments of teleost fish.
