C. Dependent variable
The independent variable is what you want to change (ex amount of light given to plants)
The dependent variable is what changes because of the independent variable (ex the height of the plants)
So Independent is what you change, Dependent is what you measure
The answer would be, "Thylakoids"
D. Genes. They have genetic material that determine our characteristics.
when the soil no longer can soak up any more water tools you can use are a eyedropper to soak up the water to see how much the soil is able to soak up and put it in a measurement cup
hope this helps :)