Answer:
The answer is reciprocal chromosomal translocation
Explanation:
The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is the truncated chromosome 22 generated by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) and was first identified in 1960 in a patient with CML [3]. Translocation of the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (ABL1) gene located on chromosome 9 to the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene located on chromosome 22 results in a BCR-ABL1 fusion gene on the Ph [4, 5]. Three BCR-ABL1 fusion gene hybrids encode BCR-ABL1 protein isoforms p210, p190, and p230, which have persistently enhanced tyrosine kinase (TK) activity. These aberrantly activated kinases disturb downstream signaling pathways, causing enhanced proliferation, differentiation arrest, and resistance to cell death [6, 7]. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the BCR-ABL1 protein are the most successful targeted therapy for Ph-positive leukemia.
Answer:
22. C
23. C
24. Not clear, maybe 18%
25. Left ventricle, because according to the graph nearly 50% of the organ contains mitochondria, more than the left atrium.
Explanation:
22. Active transport requires cell's energy to move molecules, usually in the form of ATP.
23. This is a trick question, you might think it is diffusion or osmosis, but is is exocytosis. Diffusion and osmosis don't require vesicles for transport. It isn't endocytosis, because that is moving molecules inside the cell. The question asks for moving out the cell.
24. Look at the chart, it is less than 20, but more than 10 and more than halfway. I am not sure exactly the percentage, I would approximate it to be 18%.
25. Most likely left ventricle.
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