Question

According to John Rawls, those in the original position must choose the principles of justice in ignorance of all of the following except but a. their socio-economic position. b. their individual conceptions of the good. c. their sense of justice. d. their individual allotment of natural assets and abilities.

Answer 1

Answer:

According to John Rawls, those in the original position must choose the principles of justice in ignorance of all of the following except but:

b. their individual conceptions of the good.

Society may launch projects that require giving some persons more power, income, status, etc. than others, to make life better off for the people who are now worst off, by raising the living standards of everyone in the community and empowering the least advantaged persons to the extent consistent with their well-being,  separately from their indiviadual conceptions of good, but for ethical theories.

Explanation:

According to Rawls, self-interested rational people behind the veil of ignorance would choose two general principles of justice to structure society in the real world:

a. Their socio-economic position:

Difference Principle: Social and economic inequalities should be arranged so that they are both, to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged persons, and attached to offices and positions open to all under conditions of equality of opportunity.

c. Their sense of justice:

Principle of Equal Liberty: Each person has an equal right to the most extensive liberties compatible with similar liberties for all, since it distributes extensive liberties equally to all persons. It is also quite egalitarian, since it distributes opportunities to be considered for offices and positions in an equal manner.

d. Their individual allotment of natural assets and abilities:

It is not egalitarian but makes benefit for some (those with greater talents, training, etc.) proportionate to their contribution toward benefiting the least advantaged persons.