The two key parts of the neuron described are the cell body and the dendrites.
The paragraph explains what the cell body does. The paragraph also explains what a dendrite is, as well as the function of the dendrite.
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I became, in short, the gangling farmer-boy my aunt had known, C. Scourged with chilblains and bashfulness, my hands cracked and raw from corn husking.
Scourge is something that causes suffering.</span>