Answer:
well 5 is easy its the axis
<span>The answer is by
comparing genetic values to genetic variation ina population. To calculate heritability, the following formulae are used.</span>
H2 = VG/VP
Where H =
Heritability
VG = Genetic
variation
VP = Phenotypic variation
<span>Heritability,
therefore, incorporates the effects dominance and epistasis. In this case, therefore,
the phenotypic variation is the ability to play the flute while genetic variation in the genotype of people able to
play the flute. </span>
Answer:
The rule of complimentary base pairing is strictly followed when complimentary stand is synthesized.
Explanation:
During the semi-conservative replication of DNA, the one strand of the original DNA molecule is kept safe and a new strand is synthesized with the help of free nucleotides present there. During the formation of new strand on the original strand, the rule of complimentary base pairing is strictly followed and the nucleotides join to form the new stand according to this rule. Due to this there is less chance that a wrong base pairing will occur and in this way the new stand is formed complimentary to the original strand is free from any mutations.
I think they are all biotic factors..hmm if not take out whichever sounds the most not fitting.