Answer:
Initiation. RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNA called the promoter, found near the beginning of a gene. Each gene has its own promoter. Once bound, RNA polymerase separates the DNA strands, providing the single-stranded template needed for transcription.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
b. active transport
Explanation:
Active transport - 
It is the movement of the molecules across the membrane via a region of lower concentration towards the region of higher concentration , and in some cases , the flow is independent of the concentration .Its is known as active transport .
This process needs some amount of energy in the form of cellular energy .
Hence , the correct term for the given statement is active transport . 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Crystalline silica is a natural compound in the earth's crust and is a basic component of sand and granite. Silicosis is an incurable disease of the lungs caused by breathing crystalline silica dust. This dust can cause scar tissue to form in the lungs.