Answer:
The counter-current multiplier or the countercurrent mechanism is used to concentrate urine in the kidneys by the nephrons of the human excretory system. The nephrons involved in the formation of concentrated urine extend all the way from the cortex of the kidney to the medulla and are accompanied by vasa recta.
Knockout of the circadian clock protein per1 exacerbates hypertension and increases kidney injury in dahl salt-sensitive rats resulting in worsening of the SS hypertensive phenotype (1).
A circadian clock factor BMAL1, significantly found in kidneys, is known to affect blood pressure. Moreover, a diet high in salt is associated with immune cell infiltration in the kidney and consequently increases blood pressure. The BMAL1 factor is also responsible for expressing various genes. Mice, when treated with BMAL1 showed aging phenotypes like muscle weakness, changed gait, decreased mobility, inactivity, etc.
PER1 is a circadian clock transcription factor and is regulated by aldosterone. Nice on PER1 knock-out develops reduced sodium excretion with day and night differences. This is done in response to a high-salt diet.
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Serological testing is based on the fact that a<span>ntibodies react specifically with an antigen.
Body immune system can detect a foreign antigen and make a specific antibody to bind that antigen. If this antibody is detected in your blood, it means your body immune system already exposed to the antigen. This can prove the existence of infection.</span>
Answer:
The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological dating that classifies geological strata (stratigraphy) in time. It is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other Earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history. The time scale was developed through the study and observation of layers of rock and relationships as well as the times when different organisms appeared, evolved and became extinct through the study of fossilized remains and imprints. The table of geologic time spans, presented here, agrees with the nomenclature, dates and standard color codes set forth by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
Explanation:
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The sodium pump is used to control the osmolarity of the cell by pumping the sodium ions out of the cells that have diffused inside the cells due to their high electrochemical gradient.
This pump plays an important role in the neurons and helps in initiating the action potentials.
This pump helps in the signals transduction from brain to various parts of the body.
Hence the correct answer is that this" Pump Na+ out of the cell".
